This phrase identifies a specific trading card: the Umbreon card from the Evolving Skies expansion of the Pokmon Trading Card Game, which has been professionally graded and assessed by Professional Sports Authenticator (PSA) as a perfect ’10’ indicating Gem Mint condition. This means the card exhibits virtually no flaws under magnification, representing the highest standard of quality assigned by PSA.
Such cards are highly desirable within the collector market due to their pristine state and the popularity of both the Umbreon Pokmon and the Evolving Skies set. Historically, high-grade Pokmon cards, especially those featuring sought-after characters or originating from popular sets, have appreciated significantly in value. This confluence of factors makes these cards prized assets for collectors and investors alike.
The desirability and value of such a graded card will now inform the main focus of further discussion, which may include factors influencing price, strategies for acquisition, and comparisons to other collectible cards.
1. Rarity
The scarcity of a particular card within its set is a primary driver of its value. The Umbreon card in the Evolving Skies set is not a common card; it is a Secret Rare, signified by a card number exceeding the set’s stated card count. This designation immediately establishes a lower print volume than regular cards, a foundational element of rarity. The effect is a smaller population of these cards entering the market, which consequently increases their desirability among collectors. For example, if Evolving Skies had a higher print run of common cards compared to this Umbreon Secret Rare, the natural laws of supply and demand elevate the value of the less-available card, especially when in a pristine condition like a PSA 10.
Furthermore, specific print runs of a set can further influence rarity. If a set’s initial printing is larger than subsequent printings, the cards from later printings can become proportionally more scarce. This directly impacts the prevalence of finding a copy of the Umbreon card in excellent condition, ultimately affecting the number of PSA 10 graded copies. This rarity is significant practically because it directly informs the price collectors are willing to pay; a PSA 10 graded Umbreon from a print run considered ‘short-printed’ due to lower supply will command a premium compared to one from a more abundant print run, all other factors being equal.
In summary, the rarity of the Umbreon Evolving Skies card, determined by its Secret Rare designation and influenced by potential print run variations, is a critical factor underpinning its value as a PSA 10 graded card. The less frequently it appears on the market in top condition, the more valuable it becomes. This understanding of rarity is essential for collectors looking to acquire this coveted card or investors seeking to understand its potential long-term value.
2. Condition
The condition of a trading card is paramount to its value, especially in the context of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10.” The designation ‘PSA 10’ signifies the card’s virtually flawless state, impacting its desirability and market price significantly.
-
Centering
Centering refers to the alignment of the printed image on the card stock. A well-centered card has equal borders on all sides. Even slight misalignments can detract from a card’s grade. A PSA 10 Umbreon necessitates near-perfect centering; minute deviations are permissible, but obvious discrepancies will disqualify the card from the highest grade. Practically, a card with poor centering may receive a grade of 8 or lower, severely impacting its market value.
-
Surface
The surface of a card must be free from scratches, print lines, or other imperfections. Scratches, even those only visible under magnification, diminish the grade. Similarly, print lines, which are imperfections in the printing process, are penalized. A PSA 10 Umbreon will exhibit a pristine surface, devoid of any visible or microscopic damage. The absence of surface flaws is a fundamental requirement for achieving a Gem Mint designation.
-
Corners
Sharp, undamaged corners are essential for a high grade. Rounded or frayed corners indicate wear and tear, automatically reducing the card’s value. Damage may occur during handling, storage, or even during the manufacturing process itself. A PSA 10 Umbreon will have corners that are perfectly sharp and untouched, exhibiting no signs of wear or damage. This is often a challenge, as corners are vulnerable to accidental damage.
-
Edges
The edges of a trading card are also prone to wear and imperfections. White edges, caused by chipping of the card stock’s colored layer, are a common issue. Dents or nicks along the edges are equally detrimental. A PSA 10 Umbreon will have edges that are clean, straight, and free from any chipping, dents, or other signs of wear. Preserving the integrity of the edges is crucial for maintaining a high grade.
These facets of condition centering, surface, corners, and edges are collectively assessed by PSA to determine a card’s grade. The “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” represents the pinnacle of this assessment, indicating the card has met the highest standards of quality in each category. Consequently, a card of this caliber commands a substantial premium in the collector market.
3. Investment
The acquisition of a graded card described by “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” is frequently considered an investment, characterized by potential appreciation in value over time. This potential return is influenced by various factors warranting careful consideration.
-
Scarcity and Demand Dynamics
The fundamental principle of supply and demand directly impacts the investment potential. A limited supply of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” cards, coupled with sustained or increasing collector demand, can drive prices upward. The Evolving Skies set’s popularity, the inherent appeal of Umbreon, and the stringent grading requirements for a PSA 10 all contribute to scarcity. Market sentiment and broader economic conditions also play a role, influencing investor interest in alternative assets such as trading cards.
-
Market Trend Analysis
Analyzing historical sales data and market trends is crucial for assessing investment viability. Tracking auction results, online marketplace listings, and price charts provides insights into the card’s performance over time. Identifying patterns, such as seasonal fluctuations or responses to major announcements in the Pokmon franchise, allows for more informed investment decisions. However, past performance is not indicative of future results, and market conditions can change rapidly.
-
Grading Service Reputation
The credibility and consistency of the grading service (PSA, in this case) directly impact the card’s investment value. A PSA 10 grade carries a specific weight due to the company’s established reputation and rigorous grading standards. Cards graded by less reputable services may command lower prices due to concerns about grading accuracy and consistency. Investors typically prioritize cards graded by industry-leading companies to ensure authenticity and maximize potential resale value.
-
Long-Term Collectible Value
The enduring appeal of the Umbreon character and the Evolving Skies set contributes to the card’s long-term collectible value. Nostalgia, character popularity, and set significance can sustain demand over time, even amidst broader market fluctuations. Cards with strong historical or cultural relevance often exhibit greater resilience as investments compared to those driven by short-term hype or speculation. Therefore, assessing the long-term appeal of the card is essential for evaluating its investment potential.
These components scarcity, market trends, grading service credibility, and long-term collectible value intertwine to dictate the investment profile of the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card. Prudent investors conduct thorough research, consider market risks, and recognize that trading card investments are subject to volatility and potential losses.
4. Authenticity
The authenticity of a trading card, especially one designated as “umbreon evolving skies psa 10,” is of paramount importance. Verification is not merely a formality but a critical factor that directly impacts its value, collectibility, and overall integrity within the trading card market.
-
Professional Grading Services
Professional grading services, such as PSA, play a pivotal role in verifying the authenticity of trading cards. These services employ trained experts who scrutinize cards for signs of counterfeiting, alterations, or other irregularities. The grading process involves a thorough examination of the card’s printing quality, paper stock, ink, and other characteristics to ensure it conforms to the standards of genuine cards from the specified set. The assignment of a PSA 10 grade inherently implies that the card has passed these authentication checks. The encapsulation process, where the card is sealed in a tamper-evident case, further safeguards its authenticity.
-
Watermark and Security Features
Modern trading cards often incorporate watermarks, holographic elements, or other security features to deter counterfeiting. These features are embedded within the card’s design or construction and are difficult to replicate accurately. Examination of these security features is a key step in verifying a card’s authenticity. Counterfeit cards often lack these features or exhibit poorly executed imitations. A genuine “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card will possess all the correct security features consistent with cards from the Evolving Skies set.
-
Printing Quality and Ink Analysis
The printing quality of a trading card is a critical indicator of its authenticity. Genuine cards are produced using high-quality printing equipment and inks that meet specific standards for color accuracy, sharpness, and durability. Counterfeit cards often exhibit inferior printing quality, characterized by blurred images, inconsistent colors, or noticeable imperfections. Expert analysis of the card’s printing quality and ink composition can reveal discrepancies that indicate it is not authentic. Close examination of the card’s print patterns under magnification can reveal tell-tale signs of a counterfeit.
-
Documentation and Provenance
Documentation and provenance play a role in establishing the authenticity of a valuable trading card. Records of purchase, grading certificates, and other supporting documents can provide a chain of ownership that helps verify the card’s history and legitimacy. A card with a clear and verifiable provenance is more likely to be considered authentic than one with a questionable or incomplete history. While documentation alone is not definitive proof of authenticity, it can provide valuable corroborating evidence.
These facets professional grading, security features, printing quality, and documentation are crucial in establishing the authenticity of an “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card. The rigorous authentication processes employed by reputable grading services and the inherent security features of genuine cards provide safeguards against counterfeiting, ensuring that collectors and investors can have confidence in the legitimacy of their acquisitions. A proven authentic card commands greater value and trust in the market.
5. Demand
The demand for the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card significantly influences its market value and overall collectibility. Increased demand, stemming from the popularity of the Umbreon character, the Evolving Skies expansion, and the stringent grading criteria represented by PSA 10, creates a competitive market among collectors. This competition drives up prices as individuals and institutions seek to acquire a limited number of pristine examples. A historical example is the surge in Pokmon card values during the COVID-19 pandemic, which saw a dramatic increase in demand for rare and graded cards, directly impacting the price of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” and similar high-value collectibles. The practical significance of this understanding lies in assessing the potential return on investment and determining optimal acquisition strategies for collectors and investors.
Furthermore, demand is not a static factor but is influenced by external events and trends. The release of new Pokmon games, anime series, or promotional campaigns can reignite interest in specific characters or sets, subsequently impacting demand for related trading cards. Social media trends, influencer endorsements, and coverage in mainstream media can also generate short-term spikes in demand. Analyzing these external factors allows for a more nuanced understanding of the market dynamics and potential fluctuations in the value of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10.” Successfully anticipating these shifts enables informed buying and selling decisions, thereby maximizing returns or minimizing losses.
In conclusion, demand serves as a critical determinant of the market value of the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card. This demand is driven by a confluence of factors, including character popularity, set desirability, grading standards, and external market influences. Understanding these drivers and their potential fluctuations is essential for collectors and investors seeking to navigate the Pokmon trading card market successfully. The challenges associated with predicting future demand necessitate continuous market monitoring and a comprehensive understanding of the Pokmon franchise and the broader collector community.
6. Set Popularity
The popularity of a given Pokmon Trading Card Game set, in this case, Evolving Skies, is inextricably linked to the value and demand observed for its constituent cards, most notably the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10.” A set’s overall desirability, determined by factors such as the featured Pokmon, artwork quality, and the presence of sought-after chase cards, creates a foundation for the individual card’s value. Evolving Skies, for instance, gained considerable traction due to its focus on Eeveelutions, evolutions of the Pokmon Eevee, which hold a dedicated fanbase. The presence of multiple valuable Eeveelution cards within the set contributed directly to its increased opening rates and secondary market value. Without this inherent set popularity, even a perfectly graded Umbreon card would lack the broader market appeal that drives its desirability. A less popular set would likely result in lower overall demand, diminished interest from collectors, and a corresponding reduction in the card’s assessed worth. The increased perceived value is a direct consequence of the set’s positive reception within the Pokmon TCG community.
Consider, as a counterpoint, a hypothetical scenario where Evolving Skies focused on less popular Pokmon or featured uninspired artwork. The resulting diminished set popularity would translate to lower demand for all cards within, including the Umbreon. Fewer collectors would actively seek to acquire cards from the set, and the increased availability would further depress prices. This highlights the practical application of understanding the relationship. Potential investors must first assess the long-term appeal of the set itself before evaluating the individual value of a graded card like the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10.” A popular set provides a supportive ecosystem that bolsters the card’s inherent worth, whereas a less desirable set creates a challenging environment for value appreciation. Therefore, pre-investment research into the set’s reception within the community is paramount to making informed decisions regarding this valuable trading card.
In summary, the popularity of the Evolving Skies set acts as a fundamental pillar supporting the value of the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10.” The increased demand, driven by the set’s attractive features and highly sought-after chase cards, creates a competitive market and enhances the card’s overall collectibility. While individual card condition and grading remain critical factors, the set’s widespread appeal forms the foundation upon which the card’s value is built. Understanding this intrinsic link allows collectors and investors to approach the market with a more informed perspective, balancing the potential for individual card appreciation with the broader dynamics of set popularity. The challenge lies in accurately predicting future set popularity and its sustained impact on card values over time, requiring continuous market analysis and community engagement.
7. Grading Scale
The grading scale is fundamental to understanding the valuation and desirability of an “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card. It provides a standardized system for assessing the condition of a trading card, with the PSA (Professional Sports Authenticator) scale being a prevalent and respected standard within the hobby. This scale ranges from Poor (PSA 1) to Gem Mint (PSA 10), with each grade representing a specific level of condition based on factors such as centering, surface, corners, and edges. The attainment of a PSA 10 grade signifies a card in exceptional condition, exhibiting virtually no flaws visible to the naked eye or under magnification.
-
Centering Assessment
Centering refers to the alignment of the printed image on the card stock relative to its borders. The grading scale dictates specific tolerances for centering at each grade level. For a PSA 10, the centering must be nearly perfect, with only minor deviations permissible. For example, a card with a centering ratio of 55/45 on the front and 60/40 on the back might still achieve a PSA 10 if other aspects are flawless. However, more significant misalignments will result in a lower grade, impacting the card’s perceived value and desirability as it moves down the grading scale towards lower scores.
-
Surface Integrity
The surface of a card is scrutinized for scratches, blemishes, print lines, or other imperfections. The grading scale penalizes any surface damage, with higher grades requiring a pristine surface free from defects visible under normal lighting conditions. For a PSA 10, the surface must be flawless, exhibiting no scratches, print lines, or other imperfections. Even minute imperfections, such as a tiny scratch only visible under magnification, can disqualify a card from achieving the highest grade, thus the value and collectibility of the Umbreon card decrease accordingly.
-
Corner and Edge Quality
The condition of a card’s corners and edges is critical in determining its grade. Sharp, well-defined corners and edges are indicative of minimal wear and handling. The grading scale imposes strict requirements for corner and edge quality, with higher grades requiring perfectly sharp corners and edges free from fraying, rounding, or chipping. A PSA 10 card will exhibit pristine corners and edges, reflecting careful handling and storage. Damage to corners or edges, even minimal wear, immediately reduces the card’s grade and its subsequent market value.
-
Overall Presentation and Eye Appeal
Beyond the individual components, the overall presentation and eye appeal of a card contribute to its final grade. This subjective assessment considers the card’s aesthetic quality, including its color vibrancy, image clarity, and overall visual impact. A PSA 10 card possesses exceptional eye appeal, exhibiting vibrant colors, sharp details, and a captivating visual presence. Cards with dull colors, faded images, or other visual imperfections will receive lower grades, regardless of their technical condition. The subjective element of eye appeal reinforces the value and demand for cards that are visually striking and well-preserved.
These facets of the grading scale underscore its crucial role in defining the status of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10.” The PSA 10 designation represents the culmination of rigorous assessment across multiple criteria, resulting in a card that commands premium value due to its exceptional condition and inherent scarcity. The grading scale provides a common language for collectors and investors to evaluate card quality, ensuring transparency and fostering trust within the trading card market. The market responds directly to these scores.
8. Market Value
The market value of a card identified as “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” represents the convergence of several distinct factors. It is not merely a static price point but a dynamic reflection of collector demand, perceived scarcity, and the objective assessment of condition. The ‘PSA 10’ designation acts as a crucial catalyst, elevating the card above its ungraded counterparts due to the assurance of near-perfect condition provided by a reputable grading authority. For example, an ungraded Umbreon from Evolving Skies might sell for X dollars, while a PSA 10 graded copy could command a multiple of that value, depending on current market conditions and the specific auction or sales venue. The difference highlights the inherent premium associated with confirmed exceptional condition. Therefore, “market value” directly encapsulates the economic worth assigned to that card within its specific marketplace, determined by willing buyers and sellers at any given time.
The fluctuation of this market value is also influenced by broader trends within the Pokmon Trading Card Game community and the collectibles market in general. Resurgences in interest related to new game releases, anniversaries, or even social media trends can trigger periods of increased demand, subsequently driving up prices. Conversely, economic downturns or shifts in collector preferences can lead to a decline in market value. Consider the price spikes observed during the pandemic, where increased disposable income and limited entertainment options spurred significant investment in trading cards. That increased demand boosted all high-grade cards, including “umbreon evolving skies psa 10”. In practical terms, this means potential buyers must actively monitor market trends, consult sales data from reputable sources, and consider the overall economic climate to make informed decisions about acquisition.
In conclusion, the market value of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” is a complex interplay of condition assessment, collector sentiment, and broader market dynamics. The PSA 10 designation serves as a crucial benchmark, establishing a baseline value that is further influenced by factors such as supply, demand, and external market events. The challenge lies in accurately predicting these fluctuations and understanding the long-term investment potential of this specific card. By considering these interrelated elements, collectors and investors can better navigate the market and make informed decisions regarding this sought-after collectible.
9. Long-Term Potential
The long-term potential of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” is intricately linked to its status as a collectible asset. This potential is not solely based on current market value but on a confluence of factors that suggest continued or increased appreciation over an extended period. These factors include the sustained popularity of the Pokmon franchise, the enduring appeal of Umbreon as a character, the scarcity of the card within the Evolving Skies set, and the stringent grading criteria required to achieve a PSA 10 designation. The higher number of people enjoying the brand, and higher number of people wanting that specific character lead to long term potential. Therefore, an accurate assessment of its long-term viability is essential for collectors and investors seeking to secure a valuable addition to their portfolios or collections.
Real-world examples demonstrate the potential for substantial long-term appreciation in high-grade Pokmon cards. First edition Charizard cards, graded PSA 10, have witnessed exponential growth in value over the past decade, driven by nostalgia, rarity, and consistent demand. While past performance does not guarantee future returns, this example illustrates the potential for significant appreciation when key elements align. The “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card shares similar attributes: a beloved character from a popular set, graded to the highest possible standard, creating a scenario conducive to long-term value retention and potential growth. The cards with long-term potential are often highly sought-after characters from specific sets, that have become iconic over time.
In conclusion, the long-term potential of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” hinges on its ability to maintain its appeal and scarcity within the evolving collectible market. While market fluctuations are inevitable, the inherent characteristics of the card – character popularity, set desirability, and grading excellence contribute to its long-term stability. The challenge lies in accurately forecasting future trends and mitigating risks associated with market volatility, requiring ongoing research and a comprehensive understanding of the Pokmon trading card ecosystem.
Frequently Asked Questions
The following addresses common inquiries surrounding the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” trading card, aiming to provide clear and concise information to collectors and investors.
Question 1: What specifically does the designation “PSA 10” signify?
The designation “PSA 10” represents the highest grade assigned by Professional Sports Authenticator (PSA). It indicates the card is in Gem Mint condition, exhibiting virtually no flaws in centering, surface, corners, or edges under magnification.
Question 2: Why is the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card considered valuable?
Its value derives from a combination of factors: the popularity of the Umbreon character, the desirability of the Evolving Skies set, the rarity of the card within that set (often a Secret Rare), and the pristine condition as certified by the PSA 10 grade.
Question 3: How can the authenticity of a card represented by “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” be verified?
Authenticity is primarily verified through the PSA grading process itself. PSA employs experts to examine cards for signs of counterfeiting and encapsulates genuine cards in tamper-evident holders. The PSA certification number can also be verified on the PSA website.
Question 4: What factors influence fluctuations in the market value of “umbreon evolving skies psa 10?”
Market value is influenced by supply and demand, overall market trends in the collectibles industry, the perceived long-term appeal of the Pokmon franchise, and any significant events or news related to the Umbreon character or the Evolving Skies set.
Question 5: Is “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” a guaranteed investment?
No investment is guaranteed. The value of any collectible, including this card, is subject to market volatility and changes in collector preferences. Thorough research and understanding of market dynamics are essential before considering it an investment.
Question 6: Where can a genuine “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card typically be acquired?
These cards are typically found at established auction houses, reputable online marketplaces specializing in trading cards, and from recognized dealers within the Pokmon TCG community. Due diligence is crucial to ensure the seller’s legitimacy and the card’s authenticity.
In summary, understanding the multifaceted nature of the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” card, including its grading, authenticity, and market influences, is crucial for collectors and investors.
The next section will provide a comparative analysis of other highly valued cards.
Tips for Acquiring, Storing, and Maintaining an Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10
This section provides essential guidance for collectors and investors seeking to acquire, properly store, and maintain the condition of an Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10 card, thereby preserving its value and collectibility.
Tip 1: Verify Seller Reputation. Before purchasing an Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10, thoroughly investigate the seller’s reputation. Check feedback ratings on platforms such as eBay, consult community forums for testimonials, and prioritize established dealers with a proven track record of selling authentic graded cards. A reputable seller offers greater assurance of authenticity and fair pricing.
Tip 2: Compare Listings Across Multiple Platforms. Do not rely solely on a single source for price information. Compare listings for Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10 cards across multiple platforms, including auction sites, online marketplaces, and dealer websites. This allows for identification of pricing trends and potential opportunities for securing a better deal. Consider factors such as auction end times and shipping costs when comparing prices.
Tip 3: Inspect High-Resolution Images Carefully. Request and meticulously examine high-resolution images of the encapsulated Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10 card. While the PSA grade provides a general assessment of condition, visually inspecting the card allows for the detection of any potential issues not readily apparent, such as scratches on the slab or imperfections on the card’s surface.
Tip 4: Store Encapsulated Cards in a Climate-Controlled Environment. Protect the Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10 from environmental damage by storing it in a climate-controlled environment with stable temperature and humidity levels. Avoid direct sunlight, excessive heat, and moisture, as these can degrade the card’s condition and diminish its value. A dedicated display case or storage container designed for collectibles offers optimal protection.
Tip 5: Handle Encapsulated Cards with Care. When handling the Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10, exercise caution to avoid scratching or damaging the encapsulation. Hold the card by its edges and avoid applying excessive pressure to the surface. While the encapsulation provides a degree of protection, it is not impervious to damage. Preventative measures preserve its aesthetic value.
Tip 6: Insure Valuable Cards Against Loss or Damage. Obtain insurance coverage for the Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10 to protect against potential loss or damage due to theft, fire, or other unforeseen events. Appraise the card’s value accurately and select an insurance policy that provides adequate coverage. This safeguards the investment against potential financial losses.
Tip 7: Maintain Detailed Records of Purchase and Appraisal. Keep meticulous records of the purchase date, price, seller information, and any subsequent appraisals of the Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10. These records serve as valuable documentation for insurance purposes, estate planning, and future sales transactions. Organized record-keeping facilitates efficient management of the collectible asset.
Tip 8: Monitor Market Trends for Informed Decision-Making. Stay informed about market trends affecting the value of Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10 cards. Track auction results, sales data, and community discussions to identify potential opportunities for buying, selling, or holding. Informed decision-making maximizes the potential for long-term appreciation of the collectible asset.
Adhering to these tips enhances the likelihood of acquiring an authentic, well-preserved Umbreon Evolving Skies PSA 10 card and maintaining its value over time. Diligence in acquisition, storage, and maintenance is paramount to preserving the integrity of this valuable collectible.
The next segment provides a comprehensive summary of the key attributes discussed throughout the text.
Conclusion
The preceding analysis has comprehensively explored the various facets of the “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” trading card. The examination encompassed its inherent value drivers, including its association with the popular Umbreon character and the Evolving Skies set, the stringent grading criteria it must meet to achieve its PSA 10 designation, its market dynamics related to supply and demand, verification, potential as an investment, and key components of the process to obtaining the item at target. It served to illuminate the multifaceted elements that contribute to its desirability and establish it as a prominent item within the trading card collectible market.
The “umbreon evolving skies psa 10” represents more than just a trading card; it exemplifies a confluence of collectible characteristics. Its sustained appeal underscores the ongoing significance of informed collection and investment strategies within this domain. Continued due diligence and market analysis are crucial for those seeking to engage with this card, ensuring a balanced and realistic perspective on its long-term value and potential.
